可持续发展进程中的政府能力建设     

芮国强 《广东海洋大学学报》2003,23(2):72-78

可持续发展作为现代化建设的两大战略之一 ,对我国政府的能力提出了挑战。可持续发展战略的实施 ,要求加强政府的作用 ,将政府建设成为强有力而又廉价的政府。为此 ,我国政府应从加强政府的财政汲取能力建设、强化中央政府协调地区发展的能力 ,加强政府调控能力建设、强化中央政府协调当前利益和长远利益、经济利益与生态效益的能力 ,并从根本上转变政府职能、精兵简政、建设廉价高效的政府等方面着手来提高我国政府推进和实施可持续发展战略的能力  相似文献   

确定连续系统参数的时域方法     

刘若峰  胡沂清 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1995,(Z1)

提出一种确定连续系统参数的时域方法。该方法利用方波输入和系统稳定性，离析出输出采样信号与结构参数的内在联系，推导出确定连续系统结构参数的算法．指出该算法与辨识方法相结合，可实现对含随机干扰的连续系统结构参数的估计．  相似文献   

台湾山地的雨影效应及其表现     

谢皎如  方祖光 《台湾海峡》1993,12(2):152-159

台湾岛的雨量受台湾山地的雨影效应影响明显,各地各月随着风向的不同,雨量表现出很大的差异。福建沿海一线存在着一个雨量低值区,主要是由于该地带所处的地理位置及地形条件所决定,与台湾山地的雨影效应无关。  相似文献   

Comparison between zooplankton data collected by the Continuous Plankton Recorder survey in the English Channel and by WP-2 nets at station L4, Plymouth (UK)     

Eurgain H. John  Sonia D. Batten  Roger P. Harris  Graeme C. Hays 《Journal of Sea Research》2001,46(3-4)

Zooplankton sampling has been carried out by the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey since the 1930s enabling the study of long-term changes in plankton populations, the elucidation of seasonal patterns of abundance, and more recently providing zooplankton biomass estimates for ecosystem models. Data for zooplankton abundance collected by CPR tows in the Western English Channel (between 1988 and 1998) were compared to vertically integrated samples collected from station L4 off Plymouth, UK. Comparisons were made for locally abundant copepods (including Acartia, Calanus, Para/Pseudocalanus, Centropages, Oithona and Temora) collected by CPR and WP-2 nets. All dominant species recorded at L4 were also common to the CPR data. However, the position of the taxa in the two datasets was not equivalent. Seasonal cycles revealed by CPR data were significantly similar to those recorded throughout the water column at L4 for most taxa. However, absolute levels of abundance differed for the two datasets: abundances were underestimated by CPR samples when compared to those of vertically integrated samples by a factor of between 2 and 35, with the exception of Centropages. The differing mesh sizes (200 and 270 μm) of the WP-2 net and CPR mesh could only partially explain these differences in abundance, implying that the behaviour of individual taxa and their depth in the water column also influenced the abundance recorded.  相似文献   

热带气旋活动对中国夏季雨带类型与ENSO的响应关系   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈文玉  陈菊英 《海洋预报》1997,14(1):25-36

本文分析研究了热带气旋１）活动与中国夏季２）３组（包括８种）主要多雨带类型的响应关系。同时对热带气旋活动与夏季大陆气温和ＥＮＳＯ事件的始终时间的响应关系，也进行了探讨。分析表明，夏季中国的雨带分布特征对热带气旋活动有着十分重要的指示意义。热带气旋活动与中国大陆气温有着正相关关系，与ＥＮＳＯ事件的发生有着反相关关系  相似文献   

Application of wavelet transforms to the decoupling of free-roll decay data     

S.H. Kwon  D.W. KimH.S. Lee 《Ocean Engineering》2003,30(17):2167-2177

This study presents the results of the decoupling of a free-roll decay test by wavelet transforms. A free-roll decay test was performed to determine the coefficients of damping terms in equations of motion. No motion of the model was restricted during the experiment. A slight yaw motion was found while the model was in the free-roll decay motion. It was necessary to extract a pure roll motion from the experimental data. Wavelet transforms were applied to the signals to extract the pure roll motion. The results were compared to those found through the Fourier transform. Discrete wavelet transforms were able to efficiently decouple the test signals, while the continuous wavelet transform and the Fourier transform could not.  相似文献   

Use of Continuous Plankton Recorder information in support of marine management: applications in fisheries, environmental protection, and in the study of ecosystem response to environmental change   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

K. M. Brander  R. R. Dickson  M. Edwards 《Progress in Oceanography》2003,58(2-4):175

The Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey was conceived from the outset as a programme of applied research designed to assist the fishing industry. Its survival and continuing vigour after 70 years is a testament to its utility, which has been achieved in spite of great changes in our understanding of the marine environment and in our concerns over how to manage it. The CPR has been superseded in several respects by other technologies, such as acoustics and remote sensing, but it continues to provide unrivalled seasonal and geographic information about a wide range of zooplankton and phytoplankton taxa. The value of this coverage increases with time and provides the basis for placing recent observations into the context of long-term, large-scale variability and thus suggesting what the causes are likely to be. Information from the CPR is used extensively in judging environmental impacts and producing quality status reports (QSR); it has shown the distributions of fish stocks, which had not previously been exploited; it has pointed to the extent of ungrazed phytoplankton production in the North Atlantic, which was a vital element in establishing the importance of carbon sequestration by phytoplankton.The CPR continues to be the principal source of large-scale, long-term information about the plankton ecosystem of the North Atlantic. It has recently provided extensive information about the biodiversity of the plankton and about the distribution of introduced species. It serves as a valuable example for the design of future monitoring of the marine environment and it has been essential to the design and implementation of most North Atlantic plankton research.  相似文献   

The Continuous Plankton Recorder: concepts and history, from Plankton Indicator to undulating recorders   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P. C. Reid  J. M. Colebrook  J. B. L. Matthews  J. Aiken  Continuous Plankton Recorder Team 《Progress in Oceanography》2003,58(2-4):117

Alister Hardy conceived the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey in the 1920s as a means of mapping near-surface plankton in space and time, interpreting the changing fortunes of the fisheries and relating plankton changes to hydrometeorology and climatic change. The seed he planted has grown to become the most extensive long-term survey of marine organisms in the world and the breadth of his vision becomes ever more apparent. The survey has now run for over 70 years and its value increases with every passing decade. Operating from ‘ships of opportunity’ the machines used are robust, reliable and easy to handle. Wherever possible, all the sampling and analytical methods have not been changed to maintain the consistency of the time series. Computerisation and the development of new statistical approaches have increased our ability to handle the large quantities of information generated and enhance the sensitivity of the data analyses. This overview, based on almost 900 papers, recounts the various phases in the history of the survey. It starts with the Indicator Survey (1921–1934), the deployment of the first CPR on the Discovery Expedition (1924–1927) and the early CPR survey in the North Sea (1931–1939). The survey reopened in 1946 after the Second World War and expanded across the North Atlantic to North America from 1959. Taxonomic studies were initiated and an emphasis was placed on patterns of distribution, which were seen to reflect the varying oceanographic conditions. The years 1968–1976 saw further expansion with operations even in the American Great Lakes, publication of a Plankton Atlas and initial evidence for a downward trend in plankton biomass. At about this time electronic instrumentation was attached to CPRs to make additional measurements and work was started on the development of a new generation of undulating Continuous Plankton and Environmental Recorders (CPERs). In 1976 the survey moved to Plymouth. Scientific priorities in the UK changed in the subsequent decade and funding became more difficult to secure even though some of the CPR papers being published at the time are now regarded as classics in plankton ecology. In 1988 the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) decided to close the survey. An international rescue operation led to the creation of the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science (SAHFOS) in 1990, which has continued with consortium funding from a number of countries, and from 1999 again included NERC. The scientific rationale of the survey has gained credibility as concern over climate change and other anthropogenic effects has grown and as the key role that plankton plays as an indicator of large-scale environmental conditions becomes ever more apparent. Recently, the survey became an integral component of the Global Ocean Observation System (GOOS) and expanded into the North Pacific. It plays a complementary role in many large international and multidisciplinary projects and is providing inspiration, advice and support to daughter surveys elsewhere in the world. At the start of a new millennium, Hardy’s vision from the 1920s is a powerful driving force not just in international biological oceanography, but in global environmental science.  相似文献   

"莫拉克"强热带风暴暴雨分析   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

林云萍 《海洋预报》2005,22(2):53-58

本文利用天气学分析、物理量诊断、卫星云图及雷达回波分析等方法对0309号强热带风暴“莫拉克”(MORAKOT)暴雨过程进行分析研究。结果表明，在这次暴雨过程中，西南季风的发展和冷空气的侵入作用十分突出，二者共同作用，造成热带风暴“莫拉克”外围云系的增幅发展，从而促进暴雨的发生发展。850hPa较大的正涡度、700hPa较明显的垂直上升运动、以及热带低压东南侧较大的压能梯度都对暴雨的形成和发展起到一定作用。卫星云图、雷达回波图上也比较清楚地揭示这次暴雨形成和发展的演变过程。  相似文献   

Group K-Nearest Neighbors queries in spatial network databases     

Maytham Safar 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2008,10(4):407-416

This paper addresses the problem of Group K-Nearest Neighbors (GKNN) queries in spatial network databases, and suggests a novel approach based on real network distances. This approach essentially uses network Voronoi diagram properties together with a progressive incremental network expansion for determining the inner network distances that are needed to obtain GKNN queries.   相似文献